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Contents
Table of Contents Page
  • Health Technology Advisory Committee-Minnesota (Static collection)
    • Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation for Chondral Knee Damage
      • Overview
      • Findings
      • Conclusions
      • References
    • Automatic External Defibrillators (AED)
      • Executive Summary
      • Introduction
      • Technology and Alternative Technologies
      • Patient Outcome
      • Costs
      • Other
      • Issues of Controversy
      • Conclusions/Recommendations
      • References
    • Bone Densitometry as a Screening Tool for Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women
      • Introduction
      • Background
      • Findings
      • Cost-Analyses of Bone Densitometry as a Screening Tool for Osteoporosis
      • Bone Densitometry in Minnesota
      • Conclusions
      • Recommendations
      • Appendix I: Bone Density Screening Techniques
      • Appendix II: Equipment Costs and Average Charge Per Scan
      • Appendix III: Treatments for Osteoporosis
      • Appendix IV: Guidelines from other sources
      • Appendix V: Distribution Plan
      • Appendix VI: Public Comments on Preliminary HTAC Report
      • Appendix VII: Summary of Public Testimony
      • References
    • Cadaver Donor Pancreas Transplantation for Poorly Controlled Type I Diabetes
      • Executive Summary
      • Technology Fact Sheet
      • Technical Report
      • REFERENCES
    • Dental Implants
      • Introduction
      • Background
      • Who should have implants?
      • Complications
      • Benefits
      • Cost
      • Conclusion
      • References
    • Detection of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) with Electron Beam Computed Tomography (EBCT)
      • Introduction
      • Background
      • Detection and Assessment of Coronary Artery Disease
      • Electron Beam Computed Tomography
      • Potential Applications of EBCT
      • Findings
      • Recommendations
    • Fetal Heart Rate Assessment During Labor
      • Executive Summary
      • Technical Report
      • Appendix I Hayes Directory of New Medical Technologies' Status Legal Precendent ReportElectronic Fetal Monitoring During Labor
      • Appendix II Public Comments on Preliminary Report
      • Appendix III Public Testimony Taken bythe Minnesota Health Care Commission onJanuary 17, 1996 Regarding HTAC's Final TechnologyEvaluation Report
      • References
    • Genetic Testing for Susceptibility to Breast Cancer
      • Introduction
      • Background
      • Tests for Susceptibility to Breast Cancer
      • Genetic Testing and Patient Outcome
      • Cost-effectiveness of Genetic Testing
      • Unresolved Issues in Genetic Testing for Susceptibility to Breast Cancer
      • Findings
      • Recommendations
      • Appendix I : Recommendations of Professional Groups Regarding Genetic Testing
      • Appendix II: Report Distribution Plan
      • References
    • Helical Computed Tomography (CT) for Lung Cancer Screening of Asymptomatic Patients
      • Executive Summary
      • Background
      • Patient Selection Criteria
      • Findings
      • Quality of Evidence
      • Technical Issues
      • Credentialing and Licensing
      • Safety
      • Cost and Cost-effectiveness
      • Future of Procedure
      • Conclusions
      • Recommendations
      • Appendix I: Recommendations from Government Agencies and Professional Organizations Regarding Helical CT Scanners
      • Appendix II: Methodology
      • Appendix III: Clinical Studies Evaluating Helical Computed Tomography for Lung Cancer Screening
      • Appendix IV: Public Comment
      • References
    • High-Dose Chemotherapy with Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation and/or Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation for Breast Cancer
      • High-Dose Chemotherapy With Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation and/or Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation for Breast Cancer
    • Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Testing for Pregnant Women
      • Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Testing for Pregnant Women
      • Introduction
      • Background
      • Transmission of HIV from Women to Their Infants
      • Prevalence of HIV Infection in Women and Children in the United States and Minnesota
      • Prevention of Mother-to-Infant HIV Transmission
      • HIV Testing Program Components and Treatment Needs
      • Comparison of HIV Testing Alternatives
      • Economic Considerations of HIV Testing in Pregnant Women
      • Summary and Recommendations
      • Appendix I. Comparison in the Rate of HIV Positive Women Delivering Infants andPerinatal HIV TransmissionUnited States and Minnesota
      • Appendix II. HIV Prevalence for Childbearing Women by Area of Residence of Mother for the State of Minnesota 1988-1996Rate per 10,000 Population (95 Percent Confidence Interval)
      • Appendix III
      • Appendix IV
      • Appendix V
      • Appendix VI. Adaptation of a Model For Economic Impact of Testing And Treating HIV Positive Pregnant Women And Their Babies in Minnesota
      • Appendix VII
      • Appendix VIII
      • REFERENCES
    • Implantable Neurostimulation Devices
      • Introduction
      • Spinal Cord Stimulation for Pain Management
      • Additional Applications of Neurostimulation
      • Summary
      • Additional Contacts for Neurostimulation Information
      • References
    • Intradiscal Electrothermal Therapy (IDET) for Lower Back Pain
      • Introduction
      • Anatomy
      • Background
      • What to Expect
      • Patient Selection
      • Alternatives
      • Cost
      • Safety and Complications
      • Conclusions
      • Figures
      • References
    • In Vitro Fertilization As A Medical Treatment For Male or Female Infertility
      • In Vitro Fertilization As A Medical Treatment For Male or Female Infertility
    • Light Therapy for Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
      • Executive Summary
      • Introduction
      • Background
      • Treatment of SAD
      • Findings
      • Evaluation of Evidence
      • Safety
      • Cost and Cost-effectiveness
      • Future of Procedure
      • Conclusions
      • Recommendations
      • Appendix I: Methodology
      • Appendix II: Summary of Clinical Studies of Light Therapy for SAD
      • Appendix III: Public Comment
      • References
    • MMR Vaccine and Autism: No Evidence of Association
      • Executive Summary
      • Background
      • Findings
      • Safety
      • Measles, mumps, rubella, and autism
      • Vaccines
      • Cost
      • Conclusion
      • Appendix I: Summary of Studies
      • Appendix II: Six Common Misconceptions about Immunization
      • Appendix III: Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Epidemiology
      • Appendix IV: Public Comment
      • References
    • Neuroimaging to Evaluate Headache: Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
      • Introduction
      • Types of Headache
      • Diagnosis of Headache
      • FDA Approval
      • Public Agencies and Professional Associations
      • Review of Evidence
      • Review of Evidence: Alternative Technologies
      • Conclusions: Net Health Outcome
      • Evaluation of Cost Effectiveness
      • Conclusions: Comparison of Cost
      • Other Considerations
      • Appendix I
      • Appendix II. Hayes Directory of New Medical Technologies' Status Legal Precedent Report
      • Summary
      • Materials Found Directly Related to Insurance Coverage
      • Materials Found Indirectly Related to Insurance Coverage
      • Materials Found Directly Related to Medical Malpractice
      • Materials Found Indirectly Related to Medical Malpractice
      • Appendix A. Health Technology Advisory Committee (HTAC)
      • Appendix B. Public Comments on Preliminary Report
      • References
    • New Technologies for Cervical Cancer Screening
      • Executive Summary
      • Introduction
      • Background
      • Pap Smear Methods
      • Strategies To Lower The Rate Of Cervical Cancer
      • Review of Peer-Reviewed, Published Literature
      • Other Technology Reports
      • Conclusions
      • Recommendations
      • Appendix I: Classification Systems for Cervical Cytology
      • Appendix II: Summary of Clinical Laboratory Regulations of the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA)
      • Appendix III: Findings from the Medical Literature
      • Appendix IV: Public Comment
      • References
    • New Vaccinations: Lyme Disease, Rotavirus, Hepatitis A and Pneumococcal Disease
      • Executive Summary
      • Introduction
      • Lyme Disease Vaccine
      • Rotavirus Vaccine
      • Hepatitis A Vaccine
      • Pneumococcal Disease Vaccine
      • Vaers
      • Recommendations
      • Appendix I: The VAERS Reporting Form
      • Appendix II: VAERS Contact Information
      • Appendix III: Public Comment
      • References
    • Positron Emission Tomography (PET) for Oncologic Applications
      • Executive Summary
      • Introduction
      • Background
      • Cost of Pet
      • Issues of Controversy
      • Future of PET
      • Conclusions
      • Recommendations
      • Appendix I: Radiotracers Used and Types of PET Image Analysis
      • Appendix II: Studies Assessing the Utility of PET
      • Appendix III: Clinical Studies Summaries
      • Appendix IV: Government Agencies and Professional Organizations
      • Appendix V: Public Comments
      • Acronyms and Abbreviations
      • References
    • Post-Delivery Care and Stabilization of Mother and Newborn
      • Executive Summary
      • Technical Report
      • APPENDIX I: Glossary
      • APPENDIX II: Summary of Reviewed Articles
      • APPENDIX III: Health Plan Policies
      • APPENDIX IV: Minnesota Statistics
      • APPENDIX V:Minnesota Statutes 199662a.0411 Maternity Care
      • APPENDIX VI:Public Comments on Preliminary Report
      • APPENDIX VII:Public Testimony Taken by the Minnesota Health CareCommissionon March 20, 1996, Regarding HTAC's FinalTechnology Evaluation Report
      • References
    • Preoperative Autologous Blood Donation (PABD)
      • Executive Summary
      • Background
      • PABD Risks
      • Cost
      • Conclusions
      • Recommendations
      • Appendix I: Studies Assessing the Efficacy of PABD in Elective Hip Surgery
      • Appendix II: Public Comment
      • References
    • Preventive Therapies for Women at Increased Risk for Breast Cancer
      • Executive Summary
      • Introduction
      • Risk Factors
      • Preventive Therapies: Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMS)
      • Preventive Therapies: Mastectomy
      • Costs and Cost-effectiveness
      • Statements of Professional Organizations
      • Recommendations
      • Appendix I: Breast Cancer Risk Factor Groups from Hartmann et al study
      • Appendix II: National Cancer Institute (NCI): Guidelines for Preventive Mastectomy
      • Appendix III: Public Comment
      • References
    • Radiographic Absorptiometry as a Diagnostic and Management Tool for Osteoporosis
      • Introduction
      • Background
      • Radiographic Absorptiometry's Effectiveness and Predictive Value
      • The Safety of Direct Exposure X-Ray Film's Use in Radiographic Absorptiometry
      • The Impact of Radiographic Absorptiometry on Minnesotans: Summary Conclusions
      • Recommendations
    • Refractive Eye Surgery for Myopia
      • Refractive Eye Surgery for Myopia (Nearsightedness)
    • St. John's Wort
      • Executive Summary
      • Introduction
      • FDA
      • Background
      • Uses
      • Findings
      • Dosage
      • Safety
      • Issues of Controversy
      • Cost
      • Conclusions
      • Recommendations
      • Appendix I: Summary of Studies
      • Appendix II: Side Effects, Adverse Effects, Precautions, and Warnings
      • Appendix III: Selected Information Resources
      • Appendix IV: Foods Containing the AminoAcids Tryptophan and Tyrosine
      • Appendix V: Cost Comparison
      • Appendix VI: Description of Hamilton Rating Scale and Clinical Global Impressions Scale
      • Appendix VII: Public Comments
      • References
    • Stereotactic Radiosurgery: Neurological Applications
      • Executive Summary
    • Surgical Alternatives to Hysterectomy for Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
      • Executive Summary
      • Medical Background
      • Surgical Treatments
      • Patient Selection Criteria
      • Pre-operative Preparation
      • Endometrial Ablation Techniques
      • Endometrial Ablation Compared to Hysterectomy
      • Endometrial Ablation Compared to Drug Treatment
      • Safety
      • Issues of Controversy
      • Costs And Cost-effectiveness
      • Conclusions
      • Recommendations
      • Appendix I: Methodology
      • Appendix II: Government Agencies And Professional Organizations Guidelines
      • Appendix III: Randomized Controlled Trials on the Efficacy of TCRE versus Hysterectomy
      • Appendix IV: Clinical Studies on the Efficacy of ELA
      • Appendix V: Clinical Studies on the Efficacy of TBEA
      • Appendix VI: Randomized Controlled Trials on the Efficacy of EA versus Standard Treatment
      • Appendix VII: Public Comment
      • References
    • Thrombolytic Therapy for Acute Myocardial Infarction
      • Executive Summary
    • Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke (Brain Attack) Questions and Answers
      • Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke (Brain Attack) Questions and Answers
      • Additional Reading
    • Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults
      • Executive Summary
      • Background
      • Evaluation of the Evidence
      • Diagnosis and Monitoring of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
      • Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
      • Costs and Cost-Effectiveness
      • Findings and Conclusions
      • Recommendations
      • Appendix I: Definitions
      • Appendix II: Methodology
      • Appendix III: Guidelines
      • Appendix IV: Summary of Concusions by the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR)
      • Appendix V: Public Comment
      • References
    • Universal Newborn Hearing Screening
      • Introduction
      • Background
      • Findings
      • Summary Conclusions
      • Summary Recommendations
      • Appendix I
      • Appendix II
      • Appendix III
      • Appendix IV
      • Appendix V
      • References and Bibliography
    • Use Of Botulinum Toxin-A In Pain Associated with Neuromuscular Disorders
      • Executive Summary
      • Introduction
      • Focal Dystonia with Pain
      • Spastic Disease States with Pain
      • Patient Selection Criteria
      • Evaluation of Evidence
      • Efficacy
      • Safety
      • Cost and Cost-effectiveness
      • Alternative Treatments
      • Issues of Controversy
      • Future of Procedure
      • Conclusions
      • Appendix I: Methodology
      • Appendix II: Summary of Studies
      • References
    • The Use of Human Growth Hormone for Children with Idiopathic Short Stature
      • Executive Summary
      • Background
      • Evaluation of Evidence
      • Efficacy
      • Safety
      • Cost and Cost-Effectiveness
      • Issues of Controversy
      • Ethical Issues
      • Insurance Coverage
      • Conclusions
      • Recommendations
      • Appendix I: FDA - Approval Status of rhGH Products
      • Appendix II: Summary of Studies on Human Growth Hormone for Children with Idiopathic Short Stature
      • Appendix III: Search Strategy
      • Appendix IV: Government Agencies and Professional Associations
      • Appendix V: Public Comment
      • Appendix VI: Summary of Guidelines for Diagnosis, Monitoring, and Treatment
      • References
  • Put Prevention Into Practice (Static collection)
    • PPIP: Child Health Guide
      • Important Information
      • How to Use the Child Health Guide
      • Check-Up Visits
      • Immunizations
      • Tests and Exams
      • Test and Exam Record
      • Child Preventive Care Timeline
      • Health Guidance
      • For More Information
      • Health Care Visit and Illness Record
      • Put Prevention Into Practice
    • Clinician's Handbook of Preventive Services, 2nd Edition. PPIP
      • Foreword
      • Overview
      • Children and Adolescents —Screening
      • Children and Adolescents—Immunization/Prophylaxis
      • Children and Adolescents—Counseling
      • Adults and Older Adults—Screening
      • Adults and Older Adults—Immunization/Prophylaxis
      • Adults and Older Adults—Counseling
      • Appendices
    • Personal Health Guide: Put Prevention into Practice
      • How to Use the Personal Health Guide
      • Blood Pressure
      • Immunizations
      • Cholesterol
      • Weight
      • Colorectal Cancer
      • Oral Health Care
      • Preventive Care For Women
      • Additional Preventive Care
      • Tobacco Use
      • Physical Activity
      • Nutrition
      • Depression
      • Safety
      • HIV and AIDS
      • Family Planning
      • Alcohol and Other Drug Use
      • For More Information
      • Put Prevention Into Practice
      • Key Records
    • Staying Fit at 50+
      • Introduction
      • What You Can Do To Stay Healthy
      • Ask Your Doctor About Checkups, Tests, and Shots You Need
      • For More Information
      • Personal Prevention Charts
    • Implementing Preventive Care
      • Introduction
      • 1. Assess the Need for a New System
      • 2. Assess Readiness to Make a Systems Change
      • 3. Enlist Staff Support
      • 4. Perform a Chart Audit
      • 5. Establish Preventive Care Protocols
      • 6. Analyze Service Delivery and Patient Flow
      • 7. Use Basic Tools
      • 8. Use Other Helpful Tools
      • 9. Delegate Tasks and Staff Roles
      • 10. Perform Follow-up Evaluations
      • In Summary
      • Clinical Scenario
      • Internet Citation
  • AHCPR Archived Clinical Practice Guidelines
    • 1. Acute Pain Management: Operative or Medical Procedures and Trauma
      • [Guideline Development]
      • Foreword
      • Acute Pain Management Guideline Panel
      • Executive Summary
      • Introduction
      • Process of Pain Assessment and Reassessment
      • Options to Prevent and Control Postoperative Pain
      • Site-Specific Pain Control
      • Management of Postoperative and Procedural Pain in Infants, Children, and Adolescents
      • Other Patients with Special Needs
      • Responsibility for Effective Pain Relief
      • Summary
      • Glossary
      • Appendix A
      • Appendix B
      • Appendix C
      • Appendix D
      • Appendix E
      • Appendix F
      • References
    • 2. Urinary Incontinence in Adults: Acute and Chronic Management
      • [About AHCPR]
      • Urinary Incontinence in Adults Guideline Update Panel
      • Guideline Development and Use
      • Abstract
      • Acknowledgments
      • Foreword
      • Executive Summary
      • 1. Overview
      • 2. Identifying and Evaluating Urinary Incontinence
      • 3. Treatment of Urinary Incontinence
      • 4. Chronic Intractable Urinary Incontinence
      • 5. Education
      • Abbreviations
      • Glossary
      • Contributors
      • Availability of Guidelines
      • Attachments
      • References
    • 4. Cataract in Adults: Management of Functional Impairment
      • [Front Cover]
      • Guideline Development and Use
      • Foreword
      • Abstract
      • Panel Members
      • Acknowledgments
      • Executive Summary
      • 1. Overview
      • 2. Guideline: Referral Pathways and Access to Care
      • 3. Guideline: Setting and Providers of Care
      • 4. Guideline: Preoperative Ophthalmic Testing in Patients with Cataract
      • 5. Guideline: Treatment
      • 6. Guideline: Postoperative Care
      • 7. Guideline: Rehabilitation
      • 8. Guideline: Posterior Capsular Opacification and YAG Capsulotomy
      • Acronyms
      • Glossary
      • Biosketches
      • Contributors [1]
      • Attachments
      • References
      • Suggested Reading
    • 5a. Depression in Primary Care: Detection and Diagnosis, Volume 1
      • [Inside Front Cover]
      • Guideline Development and Use
      • Foreword
      • Abstract
      • Dedication
      • Panel Members
      • Acknowledgments
      • Executive Summary
      • Overview
      • 1. Guideline Development
      • 2. Guideline: Overview of Mood Disorders
      • 3. Guideline: Depression Co-Occurring with Other Psychiatric Conditions
      • 4. Guideline: Depression Co-Occurring with Other General Medical Disorders
      • 5. Guideline: Depression Associated with Medications
      • 6. Guideline: Detection of Depression
      • Acronyms
      • Glossary
      • Contributors
      • References
    • 5b. Treatment of Major Depression, Volume 2
      • [Inside Front Cover]
      • Guideline Development and Use
      • Foreword
      • Abstract
      • Dedication
      • Panel Members
      • Acknowledgments
      • Executive Summary
      • Overview
      • 1. Guideline Development and Methodology
      • 2. Guideline: Aims of Treatment
      • 3. Guideline: Strategic Planning for Acute Phase Treatment
      • 4. Guideline: Acute Phase Management with Medication
      • 5. Guideline: Acute Phase Management with Psychotherapy
      • 6. Guideline: Acute Phase Management with Medication and Psychotherapy
      • 7. Guideline: Acute Phase Management with ECT
      • 8. Guideline: Special Situations
      • 9. Guideline: Continuation and Maintenance Treatment Options
      • Acronyms
      • Glossary
      • Contributors
      • Availability of Guidelines
      • References
    • 6. Sickle Cell Disease: Screening, Diagnosis, Management, and Counseling in Newborns and Infants
      • [Inside Front Cover]
      • Guideline Development and Use
      • Foreword
      • Abstract
      • Panel Members
      • Acknowledgments
      • Executive Summary
      • Overview
      • 1 Guideline: Population To Be Screened
      • 2 Guideline: Laboratory Screening for Sickle Cell Disease
      • 3 Guideline: Medical Management of Newborns and Infants with Sickle Cell Disease
      • 4 Recommendation: Educating and Counseling Parents of Newborns with Sickle Cell Disease and Trait
      • Acronyms
      • Glossary
      • Biosketches: Sickle Cell Disease Guideline Panel Members
      • Contributors [1]
      • Attachments
      • References
    • 8. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Diagnosis and Treatment
      • Guideline Development and Use
      • [Forward]
      • Abstract
      • Dedication
      • Panel Members
      • Acknowledgments
      • Executive Summary
      • 1. Overview
      • 2. BPH Diagnosis Summary
      • 3. Initial Evaluation
      • 4. Symptom Assessment
      • 5. Optional Diagnostic Tests
      • 6. Tests Not Recommended
      • 7. BPH Treatment Summary
      • 8. Indirect Treatment Outcomes
      • 9. Direct Treatment Outcomes— Symptom Improvement
      • 10. Direct Treatment Outcomes— Complications
      • 11. Direct Treatment Outcomes— Sexual Dysfunction
      • 12. Direct Treatment Outcomes— Urinary Incontinence
      • 13. Direct Treatment Outcomes— Late Complications
      • 14. Direct Treatment Outcomes— Need for Retreatment
      • 15. Direct Treatment Outcomes— Mortality
      • 16. Cost of Treatment
      • 17. Hospital Stay, Recovery Time, Loss of Work Time
      • 18. Treatment Preference Analysis
      • 19. Investigational Treatment Strategies
      • 20. Future Research Needs
      • Acronyms and Abbreviations
      • Glossary
      • Contributors
      • Attachments
      • References
    • 9. Management of Cancer Pain
      • [Inside Front Cover]
      • Guideline Development and Use
      • Foreword
      • Abstract
      • Dedication
      • Panel Members
      • Acknowledgments
      • Executive Summary
      • Explanation of Strength of Evidence
      • 1. Overview
      • 2. Assessment of Pain in the Patient With Cancer
      • 3. Pharmacologic Management
      • 4. Nonpharmacological Management: Physical and Psychological Modalities
      • 5. Nonpharmacologic Interventions: Invasive Therapies
      • 6. Procedure-Related Pain in Adults and Children
      • 7. Pain in Special Populations
      • 8. Monitoring the Quality of Pain Management
      • Acronyms
      • Glossary
      • Contributors
      • Attachments
      • References
    • 10. Unstable Angina: Diagnosis and Management
      • [Inside Front Cover]
      • Guideline Development and Use
      • Foreword
      • Acknowledgments
      • Abstract
      • Panel Members
      • Essential Definitions Related to Unstable Angina
      • Executive Summary
      • 1 Overview
      • 2 Guideline: Initial Evaluation and Treatment of Unstable Angina
      • 3 Guideline: Outpatient Care
      • 4 Guideline: Intensive Medical Management
      • 5 Guideline: Progression to Nonintensive Medical Management
      • 6 Guideline: Noninvasive Testing
      • 7 Guideline: Cardiac Catheterization and Myocardial Revascularization
      • 8 Guideline: Hospital Discharge and Postdischarge Care
      • Acronyms
      • Glossary
      • Contributors
      • Availability of Guidelines
      • References
    • 11. Heart Failure: Evaluation and Care of Patients with Left-Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction
      • [Inside Front Cover]
      • Guideline Development and Use
      • Foreword
      • Abstract
      • Panel Members
      • Project Staff, RAND
      • Acknowledgments
      • Executive Summary
      • 1. Overview
      • 2. Prevention in Asymptomatic Patients
      • 3. Initial Evaluation
      • 4. Assessment of Left-Ventricular Function
      • 5. Patient and Family Education and Counseling
      • 6. Pharmacological Management
      • 7. The Role of Revascularization
      • 8. Assessment of Outcomes and Patient Followup
      • Contributors
      • Glossary
      • Acronyms
      • Back Cover
      • References
    • 12. Otitis Media with Effusion in Young Children
      • [inside Front Cover]
      • Guideline Development and Use
      • Foreword
      • Abstract
      • Panel Members
      • Consortium Staff
      • Acknowledgments
      • Executive Summary
      • 1. Overview
      • 2. Guideline: Summary of Recommendations
      • 3. Guideline: Clinical Outcomes Addressed
      • 4. Guideline: Diagnosis and Hearing Evaluation
      • 5. Guideline: Control of Environmental Risk Factors
      • 6. Guideline: Pharmaceutical Therapies
      • 7. Guideline: Surgical Therapies
      • 8. Guideline: Allergy
      • 9. Guideline: Other Therapies
      • 10. Cost Impact
      • 11. Research Issues
      • Glossary
      • Contributors
      • References
    • 13. Quality Determinants of Mammography
      • [Inside Cover]
      • Guideline Development and Use
      • Foreword
      • Abstract
      • Dedication
      • Panel Members
      • Acknowledgments
      • Executive Summary
      • 1 Overview
      • 2 Activities Before the Examination
      • 3 Activities During the Examination
      • 4 Activities After the Examination
      • 5 Responsibilities of the Mammography Facility
      • 6 Mammography Personnel
      • 7 Referring Providers
      • 8 Adverse Consequences and Other Problems
      • 9 Other Breast Imaging Modalities
      • Back Matter
      • Sample Letters
      • References
    • 14. Acute Low Back Problems in Adults
      • Inside Front Cover
      • Availability of Guidelines
      • Acute Lower Back Problems in Adults
      • Guideline Development and Use
      • Abstract
      • Panel Members
      • Executive Summary
      • 1. Overview
      • 2. Initial Assessment Methods
      • 3. Clinical Care Methods
      • 4. Special Studies and Diagnostic Considerations
      • Glossary
      • Contributors
      • Attachment A. Algorithms
      • Attachment B. Pain Assessment Instruments
      • Attachment C. Patient Discussion Handouts
      • References
    • 16. Post-Stroke Rehabilitation
      • [Inside Front Cover]
      • Guideline Development and Use
      • Foreword
      • Abstract
      • Panel Members
      • Acknowledgments
      • Executive Summary
      • 1. Overview
      • 2. Epidemiology and Natural History of Stroke
      • 3. Assessment Methods for Patients With Strokes
      • 4. Rehabilitation During Acute Care for Stroke
      • 5. Screening for Rehabilitation and Choice of a Setting
      • 6. Managing Rehabilitation
      • 7. Transition to the Community
      • Acronyms and Abbreviations
      • Glossary
      • Contributors
      • Attachments
      • Availability of Guidelines
      • References
    • 18. Smoking Cessation
      • AHCPR
      • Guideline Development and Use
      • Smoking Cessation Guideline Panel
      • Abstract
      • Acknowledgments
      • Executive Summary
      • 1. Overview
      • 2. Recommendations for Three Target Audiences
      • 3. Evidence
      • 4. Promoting the Motivation To Quit and Preventing Relapse
      • 5. Special Populations and Topics
      • Glossary
      • Contributors
      • Attachment: National Network of Tobacco Prevention and Control Contacts
      • Availability of Guidelines
      • Strategies for the Primary Care Physician
      • Strategies for the Tobacco Cessation Specialist
      • Strategies for Health Care Administrators, Insurers, and Purchasers
      • General Strategies
      • References
    • 18. Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence (revised 2000)
      • Guideline Development and Use
      • Abstract
      • Acknowledgments
      • Executive Summary
      • 1 Overview and Methods
      • 2 Assessment of Tobacco Use
      • 3 Brief Clinical Interventions
      • 4 Intensive Clinical Interventions
      • 5 Systems Interventions: Relevance to Health Care Administrators, Insurers, and Purchasers
      • 6 Evidence
      • 7 Special Populations
      • 8 Special Topics
      • Glossary
      • Contributors
      • Appendix A: Helpful Web Site Addresses
      • Appendix B: Coding Information Regarding the Diagnosis of and Billing for Tobacco Dependence Treatment
      • Appendix C: Financial Disclosures for Panel Members, Consultants, and Senior Project Staff
      • References
    • 19. Recognition and Initial Assessment of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias
      • AHCPR
      • Availability of Guidelines
      • Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias Guideline Panel
      • Guideline Development and Use
      • Abstract
      • Acknowledgments
      • Executive Summary
      • 1. Overview
      • 2. Characteristics, Epidemiology, and Costs
      • 3. Risk Factors and Causes of Dementia
      • 4. Recommendations for Recognition and Initial Assessment of Dementia
      • Acronyms
      • Glossary
      • Contributors
      • Attachments
      • Attachment E. Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ): Administration and Scoring
      • References
  • AHCPR Archived Quick Reference Guide
    • 1a. Adult Pain Management: Operative Procedures
      • Attention clinicians
      • Introduction
      • Effective Management of Postoperative Pain
      • Pain Assessment and Reassessment
      • Management Options
      • Institutional Responsibility for Pain Management
      • Selected Bibliography - Acute Pain Management in Adults: Operative Procedures
    • 1b. Acute Pain Management in Infants, Children, and Adolescents: Operative Procedures
      • Attention clinicians
      • Introduction
      • Effective Management of Acute Pain
      • Pain Assessment and Reassessment
      • Pain Assessment and Reassessment
      • Management of Pain Related to Procedures
      • Mangement of Postoperative Pain
      • Special Considerations for the Management of Pain in Neonates and Infants
      • Critical Questions Regarding the Adequacy of Pain Management
      • Institutional Responsibility for Pain Management
    • 2a. Managing Acute and Chronic Urinary Incontinence
      • Attention Clinicians:
      • Abstract
      • Suggested Citation
      • Abbreviations Used in this Guideline
      • Purpose and Scope
      • Highlights of Patient Management
      • Basic Evaluation Checklist
      • Initial Care
      • Further Evaluation
      • Treatment Options
      • Other Measures and Supportive Devices
      • Management of Chronic Intractable UI
      • Public and Professional Education
      • Availability of Guidelines
      • Selected Bibliography
    • 2b. Helping People with Incontinence
      • What Is Urinary Incontinence?
      • You Are the Key
      • Causes of Urinary Incontinence
      • Finding UI
      • Finding Out More About UI
      • Treating UI
      • Other Ways To Help Residents with UI
      • For More Information
      • Sample bladder record
    • 4. Cataract in Adults: Management of Functional Impairment
      • Attention Clinicians
      • Purpose and Scope
      • Highlights of Patient Management
      • [Suggested Citation]
      • Bibliography
    • 5. Depression in Primary Care: Detection, Diagnosis, and Treatment
      • Attention Clinicians:
      • Purpose and Scope
      • Guideline Highlights
      • Back Cover
      • Bibliography
    • 6. Sickle Cell Disease: Screening, Diagnosis, Management, and Counseling in Newborns and Infants
      • Attention clinicians
      • Purpose and Scope
      • Guiding principles
      • Screening
      • Administration
      • Population To Be Screened
      • Laboratory Issues
      • Laboratory Qualifications
      • Quality Assurance and Quality Control
      • Reporting of Screening Results
      • Medical Management
      • Education and Counseling
      • Conclusion
      • Algorithm
      • Bibliography
    • 8. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Diagnosis and Treatment
      • Purpose and Scope
      • Highlights of Patients Management
      • Decision Diagram: Management of BPH
      • Assessment of Treatment Outcomes
    • 9. Management of Cancer Pain: Adults
      • Attention clinicians
      • Purpose and Scope
      • Highlights of Patient Management
      • Relaxation exercises
      • Abstract
      • Selected Bibliography
    • 10. Diagnosing and Managing Unstable Angina
      • Attention clinicians
      • Purpose and Scope
      • Initial Evaluation and Treatment
      • Outpatient Care
      • Intensive Medical Management
      • Nonintensive Medical Management
      • Noninvasive Testing
      • Cardiac Catheterization and Myocardial Revascularization
      • Hospital Discharge and Postdischarge Care
      • Abstract
      • Bibliography
    • 11. Heart Failure: Management of Patients with Left-Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction
      • Attention Clinicians
      • Purpose and Scope
      • Highlights of Patient Management
      • Abstract
      • Selected References
    • 12. Managing Otitis Media with Effusion in Young Children
      • Attention Clinicians
      • Purpose and Scope
      • Highlights of Patient Management
      • Treatment Outcomes
      • Algorithm
      • Abstract
      • Selected Bibliography
    • 13. High-Quality Mammography: Information for Referring Providers
      • Attention Clinicians
      • High-Quality Mammography: Information for Referring Providers
      • Bibliography
    • 14. Acute Low Back Problems in Adults: Assessment and Treatment
      • Attention Clinicians
      • Abstract
      • Suggested citation
      • Purpose and Scope
      • Initial Assessment
      • Medical History
      • Physical Examination
      • Inconsistent Findings and Pain Behavior
      • Initial Care
      • Physical Methods
      • Special Studies and Diagnostic Considerations
      • Management Considerations After Special Studies
      • Further Management Consideration
      • Availability of Guidelines
      • Figures
    • 16. Post-Stroke Rehabilitation: Assessment, Referral, and Patient Management
      • Attention Clinicians
      • Abstract
      • Suggested Citation
      • Purpose and Scope
      • Medical Management
      • Patient Assessment
      • The Rehabilitation Referral
      • Management of Rehabilitation
      • Reintegration Into the Community
      • Availability of Guidelines
      • Selected Bibliography
    • 18a. Smoking Cessation: Information for Specialists—Helping Users Quit
      • Overview
      • Ask, Advise, Assist
      • Intensive Programs
      • Key Treatment Strategies
      • Follow Up
      • Prevent Relapse
      • Back Cover
    • 18b. Smoking Cessation: Information for Specialists—Strategies and Recommendations
      • Attention Smoking Cessation Specialists
      • Abstract
      • Suggested Citation
      • Purpose and Scope
      • Role of the Smoking Cessation Specialist
      • Recommendations
      • Availability of Guidelines
      • Strategies
      • Selected Bibliography
    • 18c. Smoking Cessation: A Systems Approach, A Guide for Health Care Administrators, Insurers, Managed Care Organizations, and Purchasers
      • Overview
      • Strategies That Work
      • Costs of Smoking Cessation Interventions
      • For More Information
    • 19. Early Identification of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias
      • Attention Clinicians:
      • Abstract
      • Suggested Citation
      • Purpose and Scope
      • Recognizing Symptoms
      • Initiating an Assessment
      • Assessing for Delirium and Depression
      • Interpreting Findings
      • Role of Neuropsychological Testing
      • Importance of Followup
      • Attachments
      • Availability of Guidelines
      • Selected Bibliography
  • AHCPR Archived Consumer's Guide (English)
    • 1. Pain Control after Surgery: A Patient's Guide
      • What is pain?
      • Purpose of this Booklet
      • Treatment Goals
      • Pain Control Methods You May Be Using
      • Benefits and Risks of Pain Treatment Methods [Section not in Published Version]
      • Want to know more?
    • 2. Understanding Incontinence: A Patient's Guide
      • How Your Body Makes, Stores, and Releases Urine
      • Purpose of This Booklet
      • Causes of Urinary Incontinence
      • Types of Incontinence
      • Finding the Cause of Urinary Incontinence
      • Treating Urinary Incontinence
      • Other Measures and Supportive Devices
      • What To Do Next
      • Risks and Benefits of Treatment
      • Coping with Incontinence
      • For Further Information
    • 4. Cataract in Adults: Management of Functional Impairment: A Patient's Guide
      • What Is a Cataract?
      • What Are the Symptoms of Cataract?
      • How is Cataract Treated?
      • How Do I Decide Whether To Have Surgery?
      • What Should I know About Surgery?
      • Can a Cataract Return?
      • Is Cataract Surgery Right for Me?
      • Benefits and Risks of Cataract Surgery
      • How Can I Learn More About Cataract?
      • For Further Information
      • Figures
    • 5. Depression Is A Treatable Illness: A Patient's Guide
      • Finding Help
      • Purpose of This Booklet
      • Section 1
      • Section 2
    • 6. Sickle Cell Disease in Newborns and Infants A Guide for Parents: Screening, diagnosis, Management, and Counseling in Newborns and Infants
      • What is sickle cell disease?
      • Purpose of This Booklet
      • Types of Sickle Cell Disease
      • How are babies affected?
      • Who is affected?
      • What causes sickle cell disease?
      • How do I know if my baby has sickle cell disease?
      • What if my baby has sickle cell disease?
      • How can I help my baby?
      • Questions To Ask
      • Additional Resources
      • Common Sickle Cell Terms
      • For More Information
    • 8. Treating Your Enlarged Prostate: Patient Guide
      • What is Your Prostate?
      • Purpose of This Booklet
      • Understanding the Problem
      • When Should You See a Doctor?
      • How is BPH Diagnosed?
      • When Should BPH Be Treated?
      • What Are Your Treatment Choices?
      • What Are the Benefits and Risks?
      • What Is the Next Step?
      • Learning More About BPH
      • For More Information
    • 9. Managing Cancer Pain
      • Facts About Cancer Pain Treatment
      • Purpose of This Booklet
      • Why Pain Should Be Treated
      • What Causes Cancer Pain?
      • Treating Cancer Pain
      • Choosing the Right Medicine
      • Types of Pain Medicine
      • About Side Effects
      • How Pain Medicine is Taken
      • When To Take Your Pain Medicine
      • Other Treatments
      • Nondrug Treatments of Pain
      • When Medicine Is Not Enough
      • The First Step
      • Having a Plan
      • Making the Plan Work
      • Benefits and Risks of Treatment
      • Counseling and Peer Support
      • Slow Rhythmic Breathing For Relaxation
      • Pain Control Record
      • Pain Control Plan
      • For Further Information
    • 10. Managing Unstable Angina: Patient and Family Guide
      • What is Unstable Angina?
      • Purpose of this Booklet
      • How are Stable and Unstable Angina Different?
      • What Causes Unstable Angina?
      • Do I Need to See a Doctor?
      • What Will Happen in the Emergency Room?
      • What Tests Will I Have?
      • What Can These Tests Show?
      • Treatment of Unstable Angina
      • Talking with Your Health Care Team
      • Can Blockages Come Back?
      • Living with Coronary Artery Disease
      • How Can I Learn More About Unstable Angina?
      • For Further Information
      • Figures
    • 11. Living with Heart Disease: Is It Heart Failure?
      • Your Heart
      • Purpose of This Booklet
      • What Is Heart Failure?
      • Your Health Care Team
      • How Your Heart's Chambers and Valves Work
      • Diagnosis and Evaluation
      • Managing Heart Failure
      • Chest Pain (Angina)
      • Heart Surgery
      • Monitoring Your Progress
      • The Future
      • How To Use Your Weekly Medicine Record
      • Additional Resources
      • For More Information
    • 12. Middle Ear Fluid in Young Children: Parent Guide
      • About the Ear and Hearing
      • Purpose of This Booklet
      • What Is Middle Ear Fluid?
      • What Causes Middle Ear Fluid?
      • Why Should I Be Worried About Middle Ear Fluid?
      • How Can Middle Ear Fluid Be Prevented?
      • How Do I Know If My Child Is Affected by Middle Ear Fluid?
      • How Can Middle Ear Fluid Be Treated?
      • What Are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Middle Ear Fluid Treatments?