KAZAKHSTAN'S CENTRAL BANK KEEPS ITS PROMISE TO DEPOSITORS
31 JAN 00
FM AMEMBASSY ALMATY
1. SUMMARY. AS IT PREMISED, THE NATIONAL BANK OF
KAZAKHSTAN (NBK) COMPENSATED KAZAKHSTANI BANK
DEPOSITORS FOR THE LOSS IN VALUE OF THEIR TENGE-
DENOMINATED ACCOUNTS THAT OCCURRED WHEN THE GOK
EFFECTIVELY DEVALUED THE NATIONAL CURRENCY IN
APRIL 1999. THE PROGRAM, WHICH COST THE NBK USD
13.2 MILLION, IS INTENDED TO HELP TO BUILD
ORDINARY KAZAKHSTANIS' TRUST IN THE COUNTRY'S
BANKING SYSTEM. END SUMMARY.
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APRIL 1999: THE NATIONAL BANK PLEDGES TO SUPPORT
PRIVATE DEPOSITORS AFTER THE TENGE DEVALUATION
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2. ON APRIL 5, 1999, THE GOVERNMENT OF KAZAKHSTAN
("GOK") AND THE NATIONAL BANK ANNOUNCED THAT THEY
WOULD NO LONGER SUPPORT A FIXED RATE OF EXCHANGE
FOR THE TENGE. THE GOK DECISION WAS APPARENTLY
MOTIVATED BY SHRINKING HARD CURRENCY RESERVES, THE
GROWING TRADE DEFICIT AND DOMESTIC PRODUCERS'
INABILITY TO COMPETE.
3. THE NBK, REALIZING THAT THE DEVALUATION WOULD
BADLY ERODE THE VALUE TENGE-DENOMINATED ACCOUNTS
AND POSSIBLY DISCOURAGE USE OF THE BANKING SYSTEM,
DECIDED TO OFFER COMPENSATION TO INDIVIDUAL
CUSTOMERS HOLDING MONEY IN LOCAL BANKS. IF THESE
BANK DEPOSITORS KEPT THEIR MONEY ON DEPOSIT IN THE
BANK FOR AT LEAST NINE MONTHS FOLLOWING THE
DEVALUATION, THEY WOULD BE OFFERED THE OPTION TO
CONVERT THEIR TENGE DEPOSITS INTO U.S. DOLLARS AT
THE PRE-DEVALUATION EXCHANGE RATE OF 88.3 TENGE
PER ONE U.S. DOLLAR (USD).
4. THE NATIONAL BANK HAS NOT MAKE PUBLIC THE
AMOUNT OF TENGE-DENOMINATED DEPOSITS WITHDRAWN
FROM THE BANKS IN APRIL 1999. PERHAPS BECAUSE OF
THE COMPENSATION PROGRAM, HOWEVER, THE EVALUATION
DID NOT CAUSE A PANIC AMONG KAZAKHSTANIS. IN
GENERAL, THERE WERE NO LINES FOR USD AT THE STREET
EXCHANGES OR SUBSTANTIAL NUMBERS OF DEPOSITORS
WITHDRAWING THEIR MONEY FROM BANKS.
5. OVER 154 THOUSAND DEPOSITORS, HOLDING USD 36
MILLION, SIGNED CONTRACTS IN WHICH THEY AGREED TO
KEEP THEIR MONEY ON DEPOSIT FOR AN ADDITIONAL
NINE-MONTH PERIOD. AT THE END OF THAT PERIOD,
THEY WOULD BE OFFERED THE OPTION TO EXCHANGE THE
TENGE AT THE PRE-DEVALUATION EXCHANGE.RATE. THESE
USD 36 MILLION REPRESENTED ROUGHLY 11 PERCENT OF
THE USD 33O MILLION TOTAL HELD BY INDIVIDUALS IN
THE LOCAL BANKING SYSTEM. (NOTE: BECAUSE OF A
HISTORY OF HIGH INFLATION AND VOLATILE EXCHANGE
RATES OF THE TENGE, KAZAKHSTANI CITIZENS HOLD
APPROXIMATELY ONE HALF OF THEIR TOTAL SAVINGS AS
U.S. DOLLAR-DENOMINATED BANKING DEPOSITS. AT THE
TIME OF THE APRIL 1999 DEVALUATION, USD-
DENOMINATED ACCOUNTS TOTALED ROUGHLY USD 17O-180
MILLION. END NOTE.)
6. IN ADDITION TO THE EXCHANGE RATE INCENTIVE
OFFERED BY THE NBK, MOST COMMERCIAL BANKS PAID
INTEREST AVERAGING EIGHT PERCENT PER ANNUM ON THE
NINE-MONTH DEPOSITS.
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JANUARY 200O: KAZAKHSTANI DEPOSITORS RECEIVE
COMPENSATION AS PROMISED
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7. AS SCHEDULED, FROM JANUARY 5 THROUGH JANUARY
15, COMMERCIAL BANKS TRANSFERRED THEIR
PARTICIPATING CLIENTS' TENGE TO THE NATIONAL BANK
AND THE NBK EXCHANGED THE MONEY FOR U.S. DOLLARS
AT THE RATE OF 88.3 TENGE PER USD. AS OF JANUARY
15, 200O, THE MARKET EXCHANGE RATE WAS ROUGHLY 139
TENGE PER USD. THE NBK WAS REQUIRED TO ADD
APPROXIMATELY 5O TENGE TO EACH DOLLAR IT CONVERTED
UNDER THE COMPENSATION PROGRAM. THE NBK, WHICH
WAS OBLIGATED TO CONVERT USD 36 MILLION WORTH OF
TENGE DEPOSITS, EXPENDED ROUGHLY 1.8 BILLION
TENGE, OR USD 13 MILLION, ON THE PROGRAM. THE
DEPOSITORS CAN NOW WITHDRAW THEIR MONEY IN EITHER
TENGE OR U.S. DOLLARS OR OPEN A NEW ACCOUNT WITH
THEIR BANK.